Semaglutide

GLP-1 receptor agonist · Also known as Ozempic, Wegovy, Rybelsus

What is semaglutide?

A synthetic peptide that mimics GLP-1, a naturally occurring hormone your body produces after eating. It works by telling your brain you're full, slowing digestion, and helping regulate blood sugar levels.

Originally developed for type 2 diabetes (marketed as Ozempic), semaglutide gained widespread attention when clinical trials showed remarkable weight loss results. It's now also available as Wegovy, specifically approved for chronic weight management.

Key takeaway: Semaglutide has the strongest clinical evidence of any weight loss peptide, with 15-17% average body weight reduction in major clinical trials.

Benefits & evidence

Weight loss High confidence
Blood sugar control High confidence
Cardiovascular health Moderate confidence
Appetite suppression High confidence
Neuroprotection Preliminary confidence

How it works

Think of GLP-1 as your body's natural "I'm full" signal. When you eat, your gut releases GLP-1, which tells your brain to stop eating and signals your pancreas to manage blood sugar. The problem? Natural GLP-1 breaks down in minutes.

Semaglutide is engineered to last much longer. about a week. It binds to the same GLP-1 receptors but resists the enzymes that normally break it down. The result is a steady, sustained signal that helps reduce appetite, slow gastric emptying, and improve insulin sensitivity.

Dosing information

Typical dosing protocol
Starting dose

0.25 mg/week

Weeks 1-4
Maintenance dose

1.0-2.4 mg/week

After titration period

Doses are gradually increased over 16-20 weeks to minimize side effects. Always follow your prescriber's instructions.

Side effects

Most side effects tend to improve as your body adjusts.

Nausea Common
Diarrhea Common
Constipation Common
Headache Moderate
Pancreatitis Rare

Research (10 studies)

Early Adoption and Prescribing Patterns of Resmetirom: A Multi-Institutional National Analysis. Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026
Semaglutide Hype or Hope: Evidence-based Review in Diabesity. The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India · 2026
National Consensus on Semaglutide in Cardiology: From Clinical Evidence to Clinical Translation. The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India · 2026